Is basaltic magma viscous? | ContextResponse.com

Thus, basaltic magmas tend to be fairly fluid (low viscosity), but their viscosity is still 10,000 to 100,0000 times more viscous than water. Rhyolitic magmas tend to have even higher viscosity, ranging between 1 million and 100 million times more viscous than water.

Herein, what is basaltic magma?

Basaltic lava, or mafic lava, is molten rock enriched in iron and magnesium and depleted in silica. Basaltic magmas are formed by exceeding the melting point of the mantle either by adding heat, changing its composition, or decreasing its pressure. Underwater, basaltic lavas are erupted as pillow basalts.

what are the three types of magma? There are three basic types of magma: basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic, each of which has a different mineral composition. All types of magma have a significant percentage of silicon dioxide. Basaltic magma is high in iron, magnesium, and calcium but low in potassium and sodium.

Similarly, it is asked, what volcanoes have basaltic magma?

Basaltic magma is commonly produced by direct melting of the Earth's mantle, the region of the Earth below the outer crust. On continents, the mantle begins at depths of 30 to 50 km. Shield volcanoes, such as those that make up the Islands of Hawai'i, are composed almost entirely of basalt.

What is magma viscosity controlled by?

Magmas that have a high silica content will therefore exhibit greater degrees of polymerization, and have higher viscosities, than those with low-silica contents. The amount of dissolved gases in the magma can also affect it's viscosity, but in a more ambiguous way than temperature and silica content.

Where is basaltic magma formed?

Basaltic magma is formed through dry partial melting of the mantle. The mantle lies just below the crust of the earth. Basalts make up most of the ocean's crust; this is why basaltic magma is typically found in oceanic volcanoes.

What does basaltic mean?

[ b?-sôlt′, bā′sôlt′ ] A dark, fine-grained, igneous rock consisting mostly of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, and sometimes olivine. Basalt makes up most of the ocean floor and is the most common type of lava.

What is the importance of magma?

Most of the mantle and crust are solid, so the presence of magma is crucial to understanding the geology and morphology of the mantle. Differences in temperature, pressure, and structural formations in the mantle and crust cause magma to form in different ways.

How far down is magma?

A layer of searing hot liquid magma trapped since Earth's formation may lie 1,800 miles (2,900 kilometers) beneath our feet, new research suggests.

What type of volcano has basaltic magma?

Basalt magma often forms shield volcanoes. Andesite magma often forms cone volcanoes. Rhyolite magma often forms calderas.

What is felsic magma?

Felsic magma is molten rock (magma) with a high concentration of silica, sodium and potassium (these are common together) as opposed to a mafic (dark) magma, which is typically richer in iron, magnesium and calcium. Felsic magmas are typically 'stickier' than mafic magmas, and are lighter in color.

How is magma generated?

Magma Composition ' It is formed from the melting of rocks in the earth's lithosphere, which is the outermost shell of the earth made of the earth's crust and upper part of the mantle, and the asthenosphere, which is the layer below the lithosphere. Sometimes gas bubbles will form in the melt.

What is andesitic magma?

Andesitic magma is mostly produced by stratovolcanoes. It is a type of magma that hardens quickly once it reaches the surface.

Is pahoehoe fast or slow?

If lava cools slowly and does not move too fast it forms smooth ropy lava called pahoehoe. However, if it cools quickly and moves fast it can tear into clinkery pieces called a'a. Temperature and gases certainly influence whether the lava becomes aa or pahoehoe.

What is aa lava?

Lava Types: Pahoehoe and Aa. The pahoehoe flow has a comparatively smooth or "ropy" surface. The surface of the aa flow consists of free chunks of very angular pieces of lava. This difference in form reflects flow dynamics. Aa forms when lava flows rapidly.

Which Magma has the highest viscosity?

The magma that has the highest viscosity is rhyolitic magma.

What is the most explosive magma?

Thus, basaltic magmas tend to be fairly fluid (low viscosity), but their viscosity is still 10,000 to 100,0000 times more viscous than water. Rhyolitic magmas tend to have even higher viscosity, ranging between 1 million and 100 million times more viscous than water.

How fast is magma ejected out of the volcano?

The time period between eruptions depends on how fast the rock melts, which is influenced by the speed of the sinking plate. The Earth has several subduction zones and the subducting plates generally move at a constant speed of up to 10 centimetres per year.

Where is andesitic magma found?

generation. andesitic magmas are generated at convergent plate boundaries where the oceanic lithosphere (the outer layer of Earth composed of the crust and upper mantle) is subducted so that its edge is positioned below the edge of the continental plate or another oceanic plate.

What is the viscosity of basaltic magma?

What is the most viscous lava?

This flows quickly out of a volcano at a temperature of about 950 degrees Celsius. This flows out for great distances creating shield volcanoes or flood basalt fields. An example of high viscosity lava is felsic lava, like rhyolite or dacite. It erupts at lower temperatures, and can flow for tens of kilometers.

Which type of magma is least explosive?

basaltic

What is the characteristics of magma?

Magma (Characteristics, Types, Sources, and Evolution) A magma consists mostly of liquid rock matter, but may contain crystals of various minerals, and may contain a gas phase that may be dissolved in the liquid or may be present as a separate gas phase.

What is Magma resources?

Magma (from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma) meaning "thick unguent") is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Magma is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and evidence of magmatism has also been discovered on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites.